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In the following experiment
the metals from the Cola cans are replaced by zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu).
Weigh the electrodes at the
beginning and in the end of the experiment to measure what happens with their
masses during the flow of electricity.
What you
need: Scale, weights, Zn and of Cu sheets,
2 insulated copper wires with 4 crocodile clips, digital multimeter, 2 vials
with copper and zinc salt solutions, wick from tissue paper.
Experiment:
* Left: Weigh the
metal sheets: Zn = 1.0 g, Cu 1.1 g.
* Photo 2: Dip these
electrodes into the solutions of their salts.
* Connect them to the multimeter
like in the previous experiment. * Dip the wick into the two solutions.
Observations: The voltage reads 0.9 Volt. Photo 2: The current
is 0.3 µA.
* Photo 3: Leave the
device for some days, while zinc and copper directly connected by a wire.
Observations
Photo 3 and right:
The size (and mass) of the Cu electode has increased, the blue colour fades,
the mass of the Zn electrode decreased.
Explanations:
As an electron donor zinc
pushed electrons through the wire to the copper electrode.
Thes copper ions are reduced:
Zn(s) + Cu2+(aq) ----indirect redox reaction---> Zn2+(aq) + Cu(s)
Negative sulfate ions are flowing
to the zinc half cell via wick.